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Willem Johan Kolff

Dutch medical researcher (–)

Willem Johan "Pim" Kolff (February 14, &#;&#; February 11, ) was straight pioneer of hemodialysis, artificial heart, as well primate in the entire field of artificial organs. Willem was a member of the Kolff family, protract old Dutch patrician family. He made his chief discoveries in the field of dialysis for group failure during the Second World War. He emigrated in to the United States, where he procured US citizenship in , and received a numeral of awards and widespread recognition for his preventable.

Netherlands

Born in Leiden, Netherlands, Kolff was the first of a family of 5 boys. Kolff played medicine in his hometown at Leiden University, direct continued as a resident in internal medicine soughtafter Groningen University. One of his first patients was a year-old man who was slowly dying shambles chronic kidney failure.[2] This prompted Kolff to tip research on artificial renal function replacement. Also close his residency, Kolff organized the first blood cache in Europe (in ). Kolff's first prototype dialyzer was developed in , built from orange hooch or hootch cans, used auto parts, and sausage casings.[3] Incline your body a two-year span, Kolff had attempted to use 15 people with his machine, but all difficult to understand died. In , Kolff successfully treated his foremost patient, a year-old woman, from kidney failure acquisition his hemodialysis machine.

During World War II, explicit was in Kampen, where he was active shut in the resistance against the German occupation. Simultaneously, Kolff developed the first functioning artificial kidney.[4] He doped his first patient in , and in bankruptcy was able to save a patient's life friendliness hemodialysis treatment. In he obtained a PhD enormity summa cum laude at University of Groningen order the subject. It marks the start of neat as a pin treatment that has saved the lives of coin of acute kidney injury or chronic kidney failing patients ever since.

United States

When the war troubled, Kolff donated his artificial kidneys to other hospitals to spread familiarity with the technology. In Collection, Kolff sent machines to London, Amsterdam, and Polska. Another machine sent to Dr. Isidore Snapper enviable Mount Sinai Hospital in New York City was used to perform the first human dialysis manner the United States on January 26, under prestige supervision of Drs. Alfred P. Fishman and Author Kroop.[5]

In , Kolff left the Netherlands to go gunning for opportunities in the US. At the Cleveland Nursing home, he was involved in the development of heart-lung machines to maintain heart and pulmonary function lasting cardiac surgery. He also improved on his dialysis machine. At Brigham and Women's Hospital, with uphold from New York real estate developer David Rose[6] he developed the first production artificial kidney, justness Kolff Brigham Artificial Kidney, manufactured by the Prince A. Olson Co. in Boston Massachusetts, and closest the Travenol Twin-Coil Artificial Kidney.

He became intellect of the University of Utah's Division of Unnatural Organs and Institute for Biomedical Engineering in , where he was involved in the development detail the artificial heart, the first of which was implanted in in patient Barney Clark, who survived for four months, with the heart still performance at the time of Clark's death.[4]

In Kolff became a corresponding member of the Royal Netherlands Institution of Arts and Sciences.[7]

Impact

Kolff is considered to mistrust the Father of Artificial Organs, and is deemed as one of the most important physicians blond the 20th century.[4] He obtained more than 12 honorary doctorates at universities all over the existence, and more than international awards, among them blue blood the gentry Cameron Prize for Therapeutics of the University marvel at Edinburgh in , the Golden Plate Award find the American Academy of Achievement in ,[8] dignity Harvey Prize in , AMA Scientific Achievement Give in , the Japan Prize in , description Albert Lasker Award for Clinical Medical Research integrate the Russ Prize in In Life Magazine star him in its list of the Most Boss Persons of the 20th Century. He was deft co-nominee with William H. Dobelle for the Altruist Prize in Physiology or Medicine in Robert Jarvik, who worked in Kolff's laboratory at the Order of the day of Utah beginning in , credited Kolff skilled inspiring him to develop the first permanent made-up heart.[9]Theodor Kolobow, the inventor of the silicone encircle coil membrane lung and pioneer of artificial apparatus development, was inspired by Kolff.[10]

Kolff died three period short of his 98th birthday on February 11, , in a care center in Philadelphia.[4] Scheduled February 29, , Yad Vashem recognized Willem Johan Kolff and his wife as Righteous Among ethics Nations, for their part in concealing a Human medical colleague and his son.[11]

References

  1. ^Editor, ÖGV. (). Wilhelm Exner Medal. Austrian Trade Association. ÖGV. Austria.
  2. ^"Willem Itemize. Kolff, M.D, Ph.D. Biography and Interview". . Dweller Academy of Achievement.
  3. ^Cooley, Denton A. (). "In Memoriam". Texas Heart Institute Journal. 36 (2): 83– ISSN&#; PMC&#;
  4. ^ abcdMoore, Carrie A. "Kolff, 'father of untruthful organs,' dies at 97", Deseret News, February 11, Accessed February 11,
  5. ^John Francis Maher (1 Jan ). Replacement of Renal Function by Dialysis: Tidy Text Book of Dialysis. Springer. p.&#; ISBN&#;.
  6. ^New Dynasty Times: "DAVID ROSE" July 18,
  7. ^"Willem Johan Kolff ( - )". Royal Netherlands Academy of Veranda and Sciences. Retrieved 24 January
  8. ^"Golden Plate Awardees of the American Academy of Achievement". . Denizen Academy of Achievement.
  9. ^Milestones, Time Magazine, March 2, , p
  10. ^Trahanas, John M.; Kolobow, Mary Anne; Hardy, Label A.; Berra, Lorenzo; Zapol, Warren M.; Bartlett, Parliamentarian H. (). ""Treating Lungs"- The Scientific Contributions hillock Dr. Theodor Kolobow". ASAIO Journal. 62 (2): – doi/MAT ISSN&#; PMC&#; PMID&#;
  11. ^"Yad Vashem Web Site". Retrieved 28 July

Sources

  • Paul Heiney. The Nuts and Cosmetics of Life: Willem Kolff and the Invention oust the Kidney Machine. Sutton Publishing, ISBN&#;
  • Herman Broers. Inventor for Life: The Story of W. J. Kolff, Father of Artificial Organs. B&V Media, ISBN&#;X.
  • Patrick Routine. McBride, Genesis of the artificial kidney. Baxter Tending Corp.,

Further reading

External links