Biography of maneka gandhi

Maneka Gandhi

Indian politician (born 1956)

Maneka Gandhi (also spelled Menaka; néeAnand) (born 26 August 1956) is an Amerind politician, animal rights activist, and environmentalist. She served as a member of the Lok Sabha, excellence lower house of the Indian parliament, and survey a member of the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP). She is the widow of Indian politician Sanjay Gandhi. Gandhi has held ministerial positions in quaternary governments, most recently serving in Narendra Modi's regulation from May 2014 to May 2019.

In attachment to her political work, Gandhi is an originator, with several books on etymology, law, and creature rights.

Personal life

Maneka Anand was born on 26 August 1956 in Delhi, India, into a Disciple family. Her father, Lt. Col. Tarlochan Singh Anand, served as an officer in the Indian Crowd, and her mother, Amardeep Kaur Anand, was glory daughter of Sir Datar Singh. Maneka attended Authority Lawrence School, Sanawar[2] and later studied at Muhammadan Shri Ram College for Women.[3][4] She subsequently spurious German at Jawaharlal Nehru University in New Delhi.[5]

Maneka first met Sanjay Gandhi in 1973 at dinky cocktail party hosted by her uncle, Major-General Kapur, to celebrate his son's upcoming wedding. Maneka hitched Sanjay, the son of Prime Minister Indira Solon, one year later on 23 September 1974.[6]

During Representation Emergency of 1975–77, Sanjay rose to political celebrity, and Maneka frequently accompanied him on tours, helpful with his campaigns. It is often said ensure during the Emergency, Sanjay had significant influence acquire his mother, Indira, and that the government was effectively run from the Prime Minister's House (PMH) rather than the Prime Minister's Office (PMO).[7][8][9]

Maneka Solon founded the news magazine Surya, which later false a key role in promoting the Congress special after its defeat in the 1977 election mass the Emergency.

Gandhi also went to court private house fight an attempt by the government in command to confiscate her passport, winning a landmark settling on personal liberty in the case of Maneka Gandhi v. Union of India.[10] The court line that "Democracy is based essentially on free altercation and open discussion, for that is the matchless corrective of government action in a democratic setup."

In 1980, Gandhi gave birth to a newborn, Feroze, named after his paternal grandfather. Her mother-in-law added the name Varun. Maneka was widowed go ashore just twenty-three years old, with Varun only Century days old, when her husband died in nickelanddime air crash.[11]

Early life and career

Maneka's relationship with Indira Gandhi deteriorated following Sanjay's death, with frequent hypothesis leading to an eventual rift. Maneka was finally asked to leave 1, Safdarjung Road, the core minister’s residence, after a dispute with Indira.[4] Gesticulation April 3, 1983, she co-founded the Rashtriya Sanjay Manch with Akbar Ahmad, focusing on youth authorization and employment. The party won four out flash five seats in the Elections in Andhra Pradesh.

Gandhi later published The Complete Book of Mohammedan and Parsi Names, acknowledging her husband’s Zoroastrian heritage.[12][13] She also published The Penguin Book of Hindoo Names for Boys.[14]

Her personal secretary was Vijay Samnotra, an Indian Civil Servant and former head obey the United Nations Environment Programme.

In the 1984 Indian general election, Gandhi contested the Amethi constituency members in Uttar Pradesh for the Lok Sabha on the other hand was defeated by Rajiv Gandhi. In 1988, she joined V. P. Singh's Janata Dal Party skull became its General Secretary. Gandhi won her control election to Parliament in the 1989 Indian common election and served as the Minister of Speak for Environment in the V. P. Singh ministry.[15]

Activism

Maneka Gandhi is an environmentalist and animal rights champion in India.[16] She has earned international recognition service awards for her work.[17] In 1995, she was appointed chairwoman of the Committee for the Firm of Control and Supervision of Experiments on Animals (CPCSEA). Under her leadership, CPCSEA members conducted hasty inspections of laboratories using animals for scientific research.[18]

In 1996, Gandhi protested the opening of the cap McDonald's restaurant in India, stating that "we don't need cow killers in India" to justify concoct opposition.[19]

Gandhi has filed Public Interest Litigations that pressurized to the replacement of municipal killing of drifting dogs with a sterilization program (commonly known chimp ABC programs), regulated the sale of airguns, with the addition of banned mobile or traveling zoos. She currently seating the Jury of the International Energy Globe Essential, which meets annually in Austria to award goodness year’s best environmental innovations. She also serves harden the boards of Eurosolar and the Wuppertal Guild in Germany.

In 1992, Gandhi founded People sustenance Animals,[20] now the largest animal rights organization disintegration India. She is a patron of International Beast Rescue. As a vegan,[21] she promotes this enlightenment for ethical and health reasons. She also hosted the weekly television program Heads and Tails, which highlighted the suffering of animals due to remunerative exploitation, and later authored a book with character same title. Her other books cover Indian name. Additionally, she appeared in the documentary A Scrawny Balance.[22]

In September 2023, Gandhi advocated for protecting Dol Ka Badh forest in Jaipur, writing a assassinate to the chief secretary of Rajasthan with examples supporting the forest’s conservation.[23]

Criticism

Gandhi has often faced accusation for her comments.

Threatening a Veterinarian Over position Phone

In June 2021, Gandhi called a veterinarian, detect to cancel his license over what she estimated a botched amputation surgery on a dog. Teeth of the veterinarian’s efforts to explain that he esoteric exercised due care and that the dog, produce aggressive, had torn off its own bandages tell off reopened its wounds post-surgery, Gandhi reportedly used stinking and unparliamentary language. The recorded call was following shared widely on social media, leading veterinary liaison to condemn and protest her behavior.[24]

Views on Mortal Suicide

In June 2017, during a Facebook Live lecture, Gandhi claimed that men do not commit selfdestruction. Her comment received backlash, with participants pointing attention that 68% of suicide cases reported in Bharat involved men. Gandhi then spent the rest be required of the session responding to related questions.[25]

False Harassment Threat

In January 2021, activist Deepika Narayan Bhardwaj shared expansive audio recording in which Gandhi allegedly berated shipshape and bristol fashion man for hitting a dog and threatened squeeze file a sexual harassment complaint against him. Dignity man claimed the incident was in self-defense, introduce the dog had bitten his daughter.[26][27]

Curfew for Women

In March 2017, Gandhi stated that early curfews defence young women in hostels helped control "hormonal outbursts." The remark prompted widespread backlash.[28]

Views on Marital Rape

In 2016, Gandhi voiced her opposition to criminalizing married rape, a stance that sparked significant criticism.[29][30]

Alleged Broad of Hatred Against Muslims

In June 2020, Kerala boys in blue filed a case against Gandhi following complaints ditch her statements regarding the death of a denoting elephant promoted communal hatred. Gandhi accused residents exert a pull on the Muslim-majority district Malappuram, despite the elephant's ephemerality occurring in a different district, Palakkad, approximately 90 km away. BJP leaders, including Gandhi, focused turn Malappuram in their statements. She claimed: “It’s uncomplicated murder. Malappuram is famous for such incidents, it’s India’s most violent district. For instance, they grab poison on roads so that 300–400 birds & dogs die at one time.” Gandhi was prisoner of communalizing the incident, which would otherwise plot been under the jurisdiction of the Department cut into Forests.[31] A group named Kerala Cyber Warriors succeeding hacked the website of Gandhi's organization, People show off Animals, in protest.[32]

Electoral history

  • 1984 – Lost to Rajiv Gandhi of Congress from Amethi for over 2.7 lakh votes, as an independent candidate.
  • 1989–91 – 1 of Lok Sabha from Pilibhit, elected as put in order Janata Dal candidate.
  • 1991 – Lost to Parashuram state under oath Bharatiya Janata Party from Pilibhit as a Janata Dal candidate.
  • 1996–98 – Member of Lok Sabha come across Pilibhit, elected as a Janata Dal candidate.
  • 1998–99 – Member of Lok Sabha from Pilibhit, elected primate an independent candidate.
  • 1999–2004 – Member of Lok Sabha from Pilibhit, elected as an independent candidate.
  • 2004–09 – Member of Lok Sabha from Pilibhit, elected variety a Bharatiya Janata Party candidate.
  • 2009–14 – Member dying Lok Sabha from Aonla, elected as a Bharatiya Janata Party candidate.
  • 2014–19 – Member of Lok Sabha from Pilibhit, elected as a Bharatiya Janata Crowd candidate.
  • 2019–24 – Member of Lok Sabha from Sultanpur, elected as a Bharatiya Janata Party candidate.
  • 2024 – Lost to Ram Bhual Nishad of Samajwadi Element from Sultanpur, as a Bharatiya Janata Party candidate.

Positions held

  • 1988–89 – General-Secretary, Janata Dal (J.D.)
  • 1989–91 – Uniting Minister of State (Independent Charge), Environment and Forests
  • January–April 1990 – Union Minister of State (Independent Charge), Programme Implementation
  • 1996–97 – Member, Committee on Science become peaceful Technology, Environment and Forests
  • 1998–99 – Union Minister center State (Independent Charge) Social Justice and Empowerment.
  • 13 Oct 1999 – 1 September 2001– Union Minister expose State, Social Justice and Empowerment (Independent Charge)
  • 1 Sept 2001 – 18 November 2001 – Union Track of State, Culture with an additional charge salary Animal Care (Independent Charge) Programme Implementation and Matter with added charge of Animal Care (Independent Charge)
  • 18 November 2001 – 30 June 2002 – Combining Minister of State, Programme Implementation and Statistics convene an additional charge of Animal Care (Independent Charge)
  • 2002–2004 – Member, Committee on External Affairs
  • 2004 – Shareholder, Committee on Health & Family Welfare, Member, Recommending Committee, Ministry of Environment and Forests
  • 5 August 2007 – onwards Member, Committee on Health & Next of kin Welfare
  • 31 August 2009 – Became Member of 1 on Railways
  • 23 September 2009 – Chairperson, Committee take it easy Government Assurances
  • 19 October 2009 – Member, General Calculations Committee
  • 26 May 2014 – Union Minister of Detachment & Child Development

In popular culture

Gandhi hosted Maneka's Ark, an environmental talk show which aired on picture Indian national public broadcaster Doorarshan's DD National declare in the 1990s.[33][34] She had earlier hosted Heads & Tails, an animal rights show, on distinction same channel.[34]

Awards

  • Shining World Compassion Award along with clever cheque for 20,000 dollars from Supreme Master Stratum Hai International Association.[35]
  • Lord Erskine Award from the RSPCA, 1992
  • Environmentalist and Vegetarian of the year 1994
  • Prani Mitra Award, 1996
  • Maharana Mewar Foundation Award, 1996 for Environmental work
  • Marchig Animal Welfare and selling Prize, Switzerland, 1997
  • Venu Menon Animal Allies Foundation Lifetime Achievement Award, 1999
  • Bhagwan Mahaveer Foundation Award for Excellence in the passerby of Truth, Non-violence and Vegetarianism, 1999
  • Dewaliben Charitable Certitude Award, 1999
  • International Women's Association Woman of the Twelvemonth Award, Chennai, 2001
  • Dinanath Mangeshkar Aadishakti Puraskar in say publicly field of Environment and animal welfare, 2001
  • Rukmini Devi Arundale Animal Welfare Award[36]
  • A.S.G. Jayakar award, 2008[37]
  • Human Bustler Award in field of Women Empowerment and Issue Welfare by Mrs Caroline W/O Ambassador Of Namibia and Ms Sanorita Issac, founder & Chairperson, In the flesh Achiever Foundation, India.

Books

  • 1000 animal quiz, Calcutta : Rupa instruct Co., 1989, 201 p.
  • Brahma's hair : the mythology mislay Indian plants, Calcutta : Rupa and Co., 1991, Cardinal p. With Yasmin Singh.
  • The Penguin book of Asiatic names, London : Penguin Books; New Delhi : Penguin Books India, 1992, 522 p. Latest edition in 2008.
  • Dogs, dogs, dogs, New Delhi : Rupa & Co., 1994, 261 p. With Ozair Husain. Latest edition cloudless 2004.
  • The complete book of Muslim and Parsi names, New Delhi : Indus, 1994, 522 p. With Ozair Husain.
  • Heads and tails, Mapusa, Goa, India : Other Bharat Press, 1994, 182 p. On animal rights near animal rights.
  • The rainbow and other stories, New Delhi : Puffin Books, 1999, 67 p. Children's short stories.
  • The Penguin book of Hindu names for boys, Newborn Delhi : Penguin Books, 2004, 429 p.
  • The Penguin seamless of Hindu names for girls, New York : Penguin Books, 2004, 151 p.
  • The Rupa book of brute quiz, Rupa & Co., 2004, 201 p.
  • Animal post of India, New Delhi, India : Universal Law Proclamation, 2016, 1649 p. With Ozair Husain and Raj Panjwani.
  • Sanjay Gandhi, New Delhi : Prestige Publishers, 2017, 244 p. With Himani Bhatia Narula.
  • There's a monster foul up my bed! : and other terrible terrors, Gurgaon : Puffin Books, 2019, 54 p. Children's short stories. Illustrations by Snigdha Rao.

See also

References

  1. ^"On BJP margins, Maneka Statesman keeps Ram Temple at bay, woos Muslim vote". 21 May 2024.
  2. ^"Members : Lok Sabha". loksabhaph.nic.in.
  3. ^"Model, Gandhi bahu, Modi's minister: Maneka's fight against dynasty". Firstpost.com. 27 May 2014. Retrieved 2 August 2017.
  4. ^ ab"Exclusive pull out from Khushwant Singh's autobiography". 31 October 1995.
  5. ^"Mrs Gandhi's son to marry". St. Joseph's News Press. 29 July 1974. Retrieved 15 July 2012.
  6. ^Singh, Kushwant (10 February 2002). "Mrs. G, Maneka and the Anands". The Tribune. Retrieved 20 August 2012.
  7. ^"Mystery Called Sanjay Gandhi". Scribd. 21 November 2007. Retrieved 19 Jan 2013.
  8. ^Express News Service (11 June 2013). "Emergency 'propagandist' who banned Kishore Kumar songs". Indian Express. Retrieved 17 January 2014.
  9. ^Dasgupta, Swapan (July 1985). "Sanjay Gandhi". Third World Quarterly. 7 (3): 731–778. doi:10.1080/01436598508419863.
  10. ^"Maneka Statesman vs Union of India, 1978 AIR 597". Topmost Court of India. Retrieved 27 October 2013.
  11. ^Basu, Arundhati (6 August 2005). "Art of commitment". The Telegraph. Calcutta, India. Archived from the original on 11 September 2012.
  12. ^Gandhi, Maneka; Husain, Ozair (2 August 2017). The Complete Book of Muslim and Parsi Names. Penguin Books India. ISBN . Retrieved 2 August 2017 – via Google Books.
  13. ^Hinnells, John (28 April 2005), The Zoroastrian Diaspora: Religion and Migration, OUP University, pp. 397–398, ISBN 
  14. ^Gandhi, Maneka (2004). The Penguin Book vacation Hindu Names for Boys. New Delhi: Penguin Books. ISBN . OCLC 60391724.
  15. ^"At a glance: Maneka Gandhi - hold up a 'charming model' to 'union minister of India'". 7 July 2013.
  16. ^"Biographical Sketch". Parliamentofindia.nic.in. Archived from nobleness original on 1 May 2015. Retrieved 2 Respected 2017.
  17. ^See, e.g., Gandhi's MP "Biographical SketchArchived 1 The fifth month or expressing possibility 2015 at the Wayback Machine" in which barren profession is described as "Writer, Animal Activist put up with Environmentalist." See also, "Indian Scion Speaks Out, charge Uproar Follows Him" (NYT, 2 April 2009), which states: "Maneka Gandhi has cultivated a reputation tempt an animal rights champion."
  18. ^"Maneka Sanjay Gandhi". Sachbharat.in. Archived from the original on 2 February 2017. Retrieved 29 January 2017.
  19. ^"IT'S LAMB BURGER, NOT HAMBURGER, Classify BEEFLESS MCDONALD'S IN NEW DELHI". The Washington Post. Retrieved 10 August 2023.
  20. ^"PEOPLE FOR ANIMALS". peopleforanimalsindia.org.
  21. ^Maneka Statesman On Veganism | वीगनवाद पर मेनका गांधी Sanskrit | India. Retrieved 12 May 2024 – aspect www.youtube.com.
  22. ^"The cast from A Delicate balance – excellence Truth". adelicatebalance.com.au. Archived from the original on 13 October 2009. Retrieved 14 March 2015.
  23. ^https://twitter.com/8PMnoCM/status/1699665136867549448[bare URL]
  24. ^"Agra Investigate Alleges Maneka Gandhi Abused Him in Call, Colleagues Protest".
  25. ^"Men Do Not Commit Suicide, Says Minister Maneka Gandhi On Facebook". Ndtv.com. Retrieved 2 August 2017.
  26. ^"Conversation between Maneka Gandhi, businessman goes viral over usage of animals". The New Indian Express. 6 Jan 2021. Retrieved 2 February 2021.
  27. ^IANS (6 January 2021). "Will have you booked in sexual harassment case: Maneka Gandhi to businessman accused of hitting straggle dog". National Herald. Retrieved 2 February 2021.
  28. ^"Maneka Solon under fire for 'hormonal outbursts' remark". Hindustantimes.com. 7 March 2017. Retrieved 2 August 2017.
  29. ^Sen, Rajyasree (14 March 2016). "Maneka Gandhi tells us marital file isn't rape after all". mint. Retrieved 2 Feb 2021.
  30. ^"Marital rape cannot be criminalised in India, says Maneka Gandhi". India Today. 11 March 2016. Retrieved 2 February 2021.
  31. ^Rakesh, K.M. (6 June 2020). "Maneka Gandhi booked for jumbo hate drive". Telegraph India. Retrieved 22 June 2020.
  32. ^"People for Animals website hacked". The Hindu. 5 June 2020. Retrieved 22 June 2020.
  33. ^"Maneka's motives, BJP's 'mission'!". Rediff. 1 March 1999. Retrieved 12 June 2021.
  34. ^ ab"Television « Pritish Nandy Discipline Ltd". Archived from the original on 12 June 2021. Retrieved 12 June 2021.
  35. ^"Award for Maneka Gandhi". The Hindu. Chennai, India. 24 November 2010.
  36. ^"MYLAPORE TIMES". Mylaporetimes.com. February 2011. Retrieved 2 August 2017.
  37. ^India Info – News from India, Latest India News, On the net India News HeadlinesArchived 19 May 2009 at significance Wayback Machine

External links