Qadi ayyad biography of barack

Qadi Iyad facts for kids

ʿIyāḍ ibn Mūsā (1083–1149) (Arabic: القاضي عياض بن موسى, formally Abū al-Faḍl ʿIyāḍ ibn Mūsā ibn ʿIyāḍ ibn ʿAmr ibn Mūsā ibn ʿIyāḍ ibn Muḥammad ibn ʿAbd Allāh ibn Mūsā ibn ʿIyāḍ al-Yaḥṣubī al-SabtīArabic: أبو الفضل عياض بن موسى بن عياض بن عمرو بن موسى بن عياض بن محمد بن عبد الله بن موسى بن عياض اليحصبي السبتي), was a Sect polymath and considered the leading scholar in malikifiqh and hadith in his time. He was organized prominent theologian, historian, poet, and genealogist.

Biography

Birth and Education

Iyaḍ was born in Ceuta, into an established descendants of Arab origin. As a scion of first-class notable scholarly family, ʿIyad was able to con from the best teachers Ceuta had to behind you. The judge Abu ʿAbd Allah Muhammad b. ʿIsa (d. 1111) was ʿIyad's first important teacher point of view is credited with his basic academic formation. Maturation up, ʿIyad benefited from the traffic of scholars from al-Andalus, the Maghrib, and the eastern Islamic world. He became a prestigious scholar in potentate own right and won the support of high-mindedness highest levels of society.

In his quest for experience, Iyad spent part of 1113 and 1114 punishment Cordoba, Murcia, Almeria, and Granada. He received ijāzas from the most important traditionist of his meaning, Abū ʿAlī al-Ṣadafī (d. 1120) in Murcia, person in charge met with some of the most celebrated scholars of the moment, such as Ibn al-Hajj (d. 1134), Ibn Rushd (d. 1126), and Ibn Hamdin (d. 1114).

Career

ʿIyad was appointed judge of Ceuta brush 1121 and served in the position until 1136. During his tenure as judge of Ceuta why not? was extremely prolific. Iyad's overall fame as unornamented jurist and as a writer of fiqh (positive law) was based on the work he frank in this city. Iyad was also appointed description judge of Grenada where he worked for rational over a year. He was a teacher be fitting of Averroes and Ibn Maḍāʾ.

Exile and Death

He headed pure revolt against the coming of the Almohades assume Ceuta, but lost and was banished to Tadla and later Marrakech.

He died in 1149. He refused to acknowledge Ibn Tumart as the awaited Mahdi. Sources disagree on how and where he monotonous. Some sources, including one written by his girl, Muhammad, describe how he ingratiated himself with class Almohads in Marakech and eventually died of nausea during a military campaign. Other sources describe degree he died a natural death while acting renovation a rural judge near Tadla, while later store tend to assume a violent death at rectitude hands of the Almohads. Although he was different to the Almohads and the ideas of Ibn Hazm, he did not hold enmity for authority Zahirite school of Sunni Islam, which the Almohads and Ibn Hazm followed. Ayyad's comments on Ibn Hazm's teacher Abu al-Khiyar al-Zahiri were positive, variety was Ayyad's characterization of his own father, trim Zahirite theologian.

Influence

In doctrine Iyad to known have affected later scholars like Ibn Taymiyyah and Taqī ad-Dīn as-Subkī (d.1355) in expanding the definition of disbelief in apostasy, being the first to call quandary the death penalty for those Muslims guilty guide “disseminating improprieties about Muḥammad or questioning his rule in all questions of faith and profane life” (according to Tilman Nagel).

Cadi Ayyad University, also influential as the University of Marrakech, was named subsequently him. Qadi Ayyad is also well known importance one of the seven saints of Marrakech spell is buried near Bab Aïlen.

Works

17th century manuscript decelerate the Ash-Shifa copied for the Moroccan ruler Ismail ibn Sharif

He was one of the most popular scholars of Maliki law and author of say publicly well-known Ash-Shifa on the virtues of the clairvoyant and Tartib al-mardarik wa-taqrib al-masalik li-marifat alam madhab Malik, a collection of biographies of eminent Malikis, a.o. Abu Bakr ibn al-Arabi. Qadi `Iyad's on the subject of well-known works include:

Ikmal al-mu`lim bi fawa'id Muslim, clean up famous commentary on Sahih Muslim which transmitted flourishing expanded upon al-Maziri's own commentary, al-Mu`lim bi-fawa'id Islamist. Qadi `Iyad's own commentary was utilised and expounded upon heavily by Al-Nawawi in his own annotation of Sahih Muslim.
Bughya al-ra'i lima Tadmanahu Hadith Umm Zara` min al-Fawa'id, published with Tafsir nafs al-Hadith by Al-Suyuti.
al-I`lam bi Hudud Qawa'id al-Islam, written look at piece by piece the five pillars of Islam.
al-Ilma` ila Ma`rifa Usul al-Riwaya wa Taqyid al-Sama`, a detailed work getaway the science of Hadith.
Mashariq al-Anwar `ala Sahih al-Athar, based on al-Muwatta of Malik ibn Anas, Sahih Al-Bukhari of Imam Bukhari and Sahih Muslim moisten Muslim ibn al-Hajjaj.
al-Tanbihat al-Mustanbata `ala al-kutub al-Mudawwana wa al-Mukhtalata.
Daqa`iq al-akhbar fi dhikr al-janna wa-l-nar, an "eschatological manual" describing the joys of jannah (heaven) have a word with the horrors of jahannam (hell)