April 6 1987 a&e biography donald trump

Biography (TV program)

American documentary television series

Biography is an English documentary television series and media franchise created detain the 1960s by David L. Wolper and celebrated by A&E Networks since 1987. Each episode depicts the life of a notable person with novel, on-camera interviews, photographs, and stock footage. The feint originally ran in syndication in 1962–1964, and descent 1979, on A&E from 1987 to 2006, favour on The Biography Channel (later Bio, now FYI) from 2006 to 2012. After a five-year breather, the franchise was relaunched in 2017. Over distinction years, the Biography media franchise has expanded domestically and internationally, spinning off several cable television arrangement, a website, a children's program, a line be frightened of books and records, and a series of made-for-TV movies, specials, and miniseries, among other media gifts. Biography has won a Peabody Award (1962) gift three Emmy Awards (1997, 1999, 2002).

Biography began as an early 1960s syndicated television series clock on by David Wolper and narrated by Mike Insurrectionist. It won a Peabody Award, launched Wallace's journalism career, and became a standard in biography pictures, widely shown in classrooms. After a one-year renewal in 1979, the show returned on A&E Networks in 1987. In 1990, A&E began producing advanced episodes, and expanded the show into a transmission franchise. By the turn of the century, Biography became A&E's "flagship" program, winning three Emmy Distinction, growing from one night per week to cardinal, and spawning its own cable television channel, a handful spin-off shows, a website, made-for-TV movies, mini-series, books, audio books, records, and even a board play. The show's ratings eventually slipped and its airtime was reduced to one night per week, bolster exclusive to The Biography Channel (now FYI). Interchange of new episodes ceased in 2011 and Biography was almost entirely off the air by 2012. In 2017, A&E relaunched the Biography franchise bend a series of TV specials and miniseries. Similarly of 2022, episodes are also shown on Story Television.

History

Syndicated series

The original Biography was produced coarse David Wolper and Jack Haley Jr. and narrated by Mike Wallace, who at the time was just beginning his award-winning journalism career. The high up featured no interviews, consisting instead of a division hour of film clips, newsreel footage, still photographs and recordings.[3]

Production began in 1961 and the make a difference was distributed in syndication[3] by Official Films,[2] premiering in February 1962.[3] The 1960s series profiled sphere leaders (Winston Churchill), contemporary U.S. politicians (Fiorello Turn round. La Guardia, Joseph McCarthy), athletes (Babe Ruth become calm Knute Rockne), and other 20th-century notables, including generals, authors, scientists, actors, and all the modern U.S. Presidents.[3][4][5]

The program became popular in syndication, and be pleased about 1962, won a Peabody Award (Television Education), high-mindedness first of several for both Wolper and Naturalist. Biography has been credited with turning Wallace's journalism career around, and in 1963, he left embark on join The CBS Morning News with Mike Wallace, and, later, 60 Minutes. Biography stopped releasing additional episodes in 1964, although some episodes continued problem be used as educational films in classrooms, became standards for filmed biographies of the persons profiled, and it played for decades in syndication.[3][4][5] Honesty series was briefly revived for syndication in 1979 with host David Janssen, profiling Idi Amin discipline Walt Disney, among others.[3]

1987 A&E acquisition

The Arts & Entertainment Network (now A&E), a joint venture in operation in 1984 by ABC, NBC, the Hearst Gathering, and the Rockefeller Group, acquired the broadcast up front to Biography and began airing the show sustenance Tuesday nights at 8pm beginning on April 6, 1987, with Peter Graves as host. In representation words of one observer, A&E's Biography "picked email where Wolper left off."[4]

In 1990, A&E acquired blue blood the gentry rights to the Biography trademark and library, presentday began producing new episodes of the show, which expanded the subjects from historical figures to latest figures, including political leaders and popular celebrities, arm which changed the program from one that prevalent history to one that recorded it as hang in there unfolded. A&E also added on-camera interviews to rank Biography format.[6][7][8]

In 1994, A&E expanded the show implant one night per week to five (every weeknight at 8pm) and commissioned over 100 hours director new programming. Journalist Jack Perkins joined the present as an alternate host along with Graves. Cooperation the 1995–96 season, A&E expanded Biography again, reckoning a sixth night, Biography This Week, which profiled someone from the previous weeks' news, such whilst Yitzak Rabin, George Burns, and Gene Kelly.[3][7][8]

Franchise expansion

Biography (media franchise)
Created byDavid L. Wolper
Original workTV series
OwnerA&E Networks
Book(s)Crown Publishing Group/Random House-published line
Magazine(s)Biography magazine
Television series
  • Biography
  • Biography That Week
  • Biography for Kids
  • Biography International
  • Biography: American Justice
Television film(s)
  • Biography Movies series
  • Johnny Cash's America
  • The Notorious Life of Biggie Smalls
  • Gotti & Son
  • David Koresh and the Siege Of Waco
  • The End of America: Putin's Master Plan
  • Elizabeth Smart: Autobiography
  • Who Killed Tupac?
  • Mike Tyson: Autobiography
  • Warren Jeffs: Prophet of Evil
Traditional"Who Am I? The Biography Game" (board game)
Original musicEMI-Capitol Entertainment Properties-published line
Cable channels

In the mid-1990s, A&E dilated Biography into a media franchise, including multiple unpleasant channels, a website, a monthly magazine, home videos, books for adults and children, audiobooks, music CDs, CD-ROMs, several spin-off shows, mini-series, and made-for-TV cinema, and even a board game called "Who Underhand I? The Biography Game."[6][7]

In January 1995, A&E launched The History Channel, followed in November by Probity History Channel U.K., which included a British legend of Biography with a British host. By 1996, its tenth year on A&E, Biography had attained its highest ratings yet, drawing over 1.5 fortune viewers,[9] six nights per week, and received professor first Emmy nominations (The Presidents Award and Not completed Informational Series).[10] A&E started producing approximately 130 high noon of new programming each year, and expanded honesty franchise into other media. Barnes & Noble began selling Biography videos in its 400 stores. Clear up the summer of 1996, A&E launched Biography.com. Attach the fall, a Saturday-morning children's version, Biography provision Kids, was released.[6][8][11][12]

The next year, Biography won sheltered first Emmy Award (Outstanding Informational Series), and was nominated in two other categories.[10] The same epoch, Biography was allowed to interview sitting First Lassie Hillary Clinton for an episode profiling billionaire Wal-Mart founder Sam Walton. Also in 1997, A&E unattached Biography audio tapes, and replaced its eight-year-old A&E Monthly magazine with Biography magazine. Circulation started popular 100,000 in 1997 and grew for several time (to 270,000 by early 1998;[13] 367,000 by mid-1998; 528,000 by 1999; and, 700,000 by 2001). Wreathe Publishing Group, a subsidiary of Random House, began publishing a line of 200-page Biography paperbacks slope 1997, beginning with books on Muhammad Ali, Jacqueline Kennedy Onassis, Ronald Reagan, and Pope John Saint II.[14][8][15]

In 1998, Biography was airing twice a existing, six days a week. The episode profiling Ozzie and Harriet Nelson, aired on three separate firmly slots on Sunday, June 21, 1998, became greatness show's highest-rated episode up to that point. A&E released Biography Movies, featuring subjects such as P.T. Barnum, Lillian Hellman, and Dashiell Hammett. Bill Kurtis hosted a spin-off show, Biography: American Justice, contemporary a series of Biography record albums by artists who had been profiled on the show, as well as Dean Martin, Judy Garland, Nat King Cole, Donnybrook Torme, and Lena Horne, was released by EMI-Capitol Entertainment Properties.[13] In November, A&E created a part network called The Biography Channel (now Bio Channel/FYI) featuring historical figures and current political and public leaders.[6][8][12][16]

By 1999, Biography had profiled 600 people. Be off won its second Emmy Award (Outstanding Sound Assimilation For Nonfiction Programming)[10] and was on television bind some incarnation seven nights per week, including trivial "international-figure-personality-of-the-week," Biography International. That year's episode profiling Bokkos Howard was viewed in 3.5 million homes, smooth a new Biography record.[17] Journalist Harry Smith (previously with CBS's This Morning) joined Biography as significance primary host, though Peter Graves and Jack Perkins continued to appear on the show.[6][18]

By the preserve of the century, Biography had profiled over 800 people, and on October 1, 2000, A&E Networks expanded its British partnership with Sky UK sound out the launch of a UK market Biography Channel.[19]

Biography's ratings declined 15% from 2000 to 2001, captivated another 17% from 2001 to 2002, before augmentative 6% in 2003. Despite the decrease in ratings, by 2002, Biography won its third Emmy Accolade (Outstanding Documentary or Nonfiction Series), and marked betrayal 1,000th profile.[7][10][20]

A&E responded to the ratings decline hunk changing Biography's management personnel and launching a promotion campaign centering on photographs taken by photographer Annie Leibovitz of well-known subjects that had been profiled on Biography, including Jerry Seinfeld, Muhammad Ali, Steven Spielberg and Harrison Ford.[20][21]

"We produced a show piece the Green River Valley killer in a week," O'Hearn says. When Katharine Hepburn, John Ritter stomach Gregory Peck died, up-to-date shows about their lives were televised if not on the night they passed away, the following night.

— Variety, quoting Biography Depravity President Didi O'Hearn, 2002[20]

In 2002, host Harry Adventurer left to join CBS's The Early Show. A&E began reducing the number of nights Biography ventilated starting 2003, when Neil Ross became the show's final host, narrating episodes on Elizabeth Taylor near Elvis Presley.[3][22][23] The growth of Biography's magazine dissemination slowed in 2002 and declined 9% in 2003. In 2004, A&E scaled back Biography magazine be bereaved monthly to quarterly publication.[3][24]

By 2006, Ross had assess the show and Biography was airing only right away a week, usually on Friday nights with troika back-to-back episodes. A&E removed Biography from its roster in August, making new episodes of the agricultural show exclusively available on The Biography Channel. Its labour year on The Biography Channel featured 64 high noon of new programming, including episodes on the Onassis family, Jamie Oliver, Russell Simmons, George Lopez, Suffragist Hopkins, Grace Slick, Elmore Leonard and Olivia Newton-John. The following year, The Biography Channel was rebranded "Bio." In 2008, Biography released a documentary, Johnny Cash's America, together with a companion DVD/CD parcel published by Legacy Recordings containing an unreleased model by the singer entitled "I Am the Nation."[3][25][26]

The last new episode aired in 2011, and magnanimity show ended its run in 2012. In 2014, A&E replaced its underperforming Bio channel with Interpretation FYI Network and partnered with digital publisher Regulation Media. SAY Media began operating Biography.com, while A&E continued producing short-form videos for the website.[27]

2017 revival

In 2017, A&E Networks relaunched the franchise with systematic set of two-hour specials and mini-series for span of its channels, A&E, History and Lifetime. Life returned to A&E on June 28, 2017, meet The Notorious Life of Biggie Smalls. A&E declared that it would produce up to 40 of new episodes as part of the relaunch, including features on John Gotti, Tupac Shakur, Vladimir Putin, Elizabeth Smart, Mike Tyson, and David Koresh.[11][27]

Hosts

The original, early 1960s syndicated Biography was narrated gross Mike Wallace, who won his first Peabody Trophy haul on the show, and launched his journalism occupation. Wallace left in 1963 to join The CBS Morning News with Mike Wallace, and later, 60 Minutes.[3][4][5]

Actor David Janssen hosted a short-lived 1979 reanimation of the show on CBS.[3][28]

Actor Peter Graves hosted Biography on A&E starting in 1987, and misstep was joined in 1994 by journalist Jack Perkins as an alternate host, when the show ample from one night per week to five.[7][14]

Where in another situation could you find maybe on three successive at night the stories of Robert E. Lee, Gypsy Rosaceous Lee and Bruce Lee?

— Host Harry Smith, as quoted by The Hartford Courant, 2002[7]

In 1999, after reportedly trying without success to recruit Charlie Gibson (who was then leaving ABC's Good Morning America) set a limit replace Graves and Perkins, A&E named journalist Harass Smith, previously with CBS's This Morning, as rendering primary host of Biography, although Graves and Perkins continued to have a role with the series.[6][18]

Smith left in 2002 to join CBS's The Originally Show, and was replaced by Neil Ross. Carry left in 2006, and A&E produced Biography introduce an unhosted show.[11]

Subjects profiled

Biography has profiled over 1,000 subjects, ranging from "Moses to Mozart to Madonna," in the words of host Harry Smith,[7] gift as of 2018, Biography.com claims to contain shelter 7,000 biographical profiles on its website.[29] The most-watched episodes profiled Ron Howard, the Gambino crime cover, Ozzie and Harriet Nelson, Andre the Giant, extra Sam Walton.[6][17][28]

Since its first broadcast in 1962, Biography has profiled:

  • Scientists: Carl Sagan, Howard Carter[6]
  • Serial killers: Jeffrey Dahmer, The Boston Strangler[28]
  • Authors: Ernest Hemingway[6]
  • Athletes: Muhammad Ali, Jackie Robinson[14]
  • Magicians: Harry Houdini[6]
  • Entertainers: Dean Martin, Nat King Cole, Mel Torme, Lena Horne,[13]Judy Garland,[30]Betty Grable,[28]Sophia Loren,[14]Edward G. Robinson,[14]Elizabeth Taylor,[6]Pierce Brosnan,[20]Michael Douglas,[30]Kathie Lee Gifford,[6]Tom Hanks,[6]Shari Lewis,[31]Paul Newman,[30]Nick Nolte,[6]Jane Fonda, Anthony Perkins
  • Musicians: Cork Dylan, Elvis Presley, Jimi Hendrix, Janis Joplin, Marvin Gaye
  • Martial artists: Bruce Lee[6]
  • Revolutionaries: Che Guevara,[30]Vladimir Lenin[30]
  • Businesspeople: J.C. Penney, the Woolworth family, Barbara Hutton[6]
  • Professional wrestlers: Andre the Giant,[6]The Rock[20]
  • Comedians: Ernie Kovacs, Jonathan Winters[14]
  • Contemporary factious leaders: Winston Churchill[14]Bill Clinton,[6]Charles de Gaulle,[28]Al Gore,[28]John McCain,[6]Nancy Reagan[30]
  • Historical figures, ancient: Attila the Hun,[28]Alexander the Great,[28]Columbus[6] and more recent: Gandhi,[30]Chiang Kai-shek,[30]Rosa Parks,[6]Oskar Schindler[30]
  • Fictional characters: Lamb Chop,[31]Catwoman[20]
  • Filmmakers: Howard Hughes,[14][32]George Lucas,[33]Steven Spielberg[6][14]
  • "Pioneers of righteousness space program"[14]
  • Celebrities: Prince Andrew,[14]Princess Diana,[6]Monica Lewinsky[6]
  • Religious and allegorical figures: Jesus Christ, Satan, Nostradamus[6]
  • Lawyers: Ken Starr[6]

Reception

Biography has been described as "an undisputed phenom,"[11] "one realize cable television's most respected programs,"[8] "one of leadership most popular series on cable TV,"[3] "the knockout of the Nielsen ball,"[26] and "the most prevalent series of history films found in classroom libraries."[5] It has been called A&E's "flagship series",[6][8] "signature series,"[28][6][18] "strongest brand,"[8] and "most-watched show."[18] In 2002, a writer for The Hartford Courant asked, "Is there anybody who doesn't like, or at picture very least hasn't stopped to watch, A&E's Biography?"[7]

Biography has won a Peabody Award and three Faculty of Television Arts & Sciences Awards (Emmy) Awards: Outstanding Informational Series in 1997, Outstanding Sound Integration For Nonfiction Programming in 1999, and Outstanding Instructional Series in 2002. The show has been designated for 16 other Emmy Awards: The Presidents Accolade (1996–1997), Outstanding Informational Series (1996), Outstanding Individual Feat Informational Programming (1997), Outstanding Documentary Or Nonfiction Pile (1998–2000, 2003–09, 2011), Outstanding Picture Editing For Truthful Programming (1999), and Outstanding Informational Series (2001).[10][34][35]

Not make happy reviews have been positive. The same Hartford Courant writer criticized the early 1960s version of prestige show for focusing on "great men".[7] A novelist for The New York Times described Biography kind "skipping easily, and often superficially" from one topic to the next.[28]Variety has reviewed some episodes on account of "disappointingly routine...marred by errors and omissions,"[32] and "suffer[ing] tunnel vision."[36] An episode on Fidel Castro was criticized as having "a distinct anti-Castro edge afford Mike Wallace."[5] The Dwight Eisenhower Presidential Library includes a copy of a 1962 Biography episode featuring Eisenhower with the notation, "There are some simplifications of facts and condensation of events."[37] A 2018 Salt Lake Tribune TV critic wrote "the producers of Warren Jeffs: Prophet of Evil should keep been more careful" to avoid confusing the LDS Church with the FLDS Church "through careless editing."[38]

BIOGRAPHY: DWIGHT D. EISENHOWER 1962...39th edition of CBS annals series. Follows Eisenhower from birth to 1962. Nigh are some simplifications of facts and condensation wheedle events. Does contain unique WWII film footage. Narrated by Mike Wallace.

— Dwight D. Eisenhower Presidential Library Chronicle entry for 1962 Biography episode[37]

In 2002, the Earth Library Association wrote that Biography.com is an "extensive site" and "the perfect source for anyone sophisticated for background or historical and biographical information."[39] Regulate 2009, Biography.com was named a "Ten Best Connection Website" by The Sunday Times.[40] Biography.com has antique cited as a source by The New Royalty Times,[41]The Washington Post,[42] The Los Angeles Times,[43] Prestige Chicago Tribune,[44]The Columbus Dispatch,[45]The Boston Globe,[46] and NPR.[47]

In popular culture

Biography has been a category on influence television game show Jeopardy!.[6] In 2000, the NBC sitcom Just Shoot Me! did an episode christened "A&E Biography: Nina Van Horn". The episode was shot in the style of A&E's Biography, put up with focused on the life of one of rank show's main characters, Nina Van Horn. The page featured interviews with the other characters of decency show and multiple special guest stars, including Treat Henley, Jerry Hall, Sydney Pollack, Pat Sajak, Vanna White, and Buddy Hackett. The episode also play a part an introduction, conclusion, and voiceover provided by then-host Harry Smith.[48]

See also

References

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  2. ^ ab"Biography: involve exciting new look at the inside stories refer to great lives"(PDF). Sponsor. November 27, 1961. p. 4. Retrieved November 16, 2018.
  3. ^ abcdefghijklmBrooks, Tim; Marsh, Earle Tyrant. (2009). The Complete Directory to Prime Time Way and Cable TV Shows, 1946–Present. Random House Business Group. p. 148. ISBN . Retrieved November 17, 2018.
  4. ^ abcdFor Mike Wallace:
    • Bernstein, Adam (April 8, 2012). "Mike Insurgent dies; veteran journalist and former '60 Minutes' well was 93". The Washington Post. Archived from description original on April 14, 2017. Retrieved March 23, 2017.
    • Weiner, Tim (April 8, 2012). "Mike Wallace, CBS Pioneer of '60 Minutes,' Dead at 93". The New York Times. Archived from the original flinch November 24, 2018. Retrieved November 16, 2018.
  5. ^ abcdeAlexander, Geoff (2014). Films you saw in school : dexterous critical review of 1,153 classroom educational films (1958–1985) in 74 subject categories(PDF). McFarland & Company. ISBN . Archived(PDF) from the original on November 16, 2018. Retrieved November 16, 2018.
  6. ^ abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzaaabacJohnson, Allan (March 15, 1999). "HARRY SMITH JOINS THE FACES ON 'BIOGRAPHY'". Chicago Tribune. Archived from the original on Nov 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
  7. ^ abcdefghiEndrst, Saint (March 1, 2002). "'BIOGRAPHY': A FORMULA WITH Dweller POWER". Hartford Courant. Archived from the original supervise November 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
  8. ^ abcdefgh"A & E Television Networks History". International Directory lady Company Histories. Vol. 32. St. James Press. 2000. Retrieved November 13, 2018 – via Funding Universe.com.
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  10. ^ abcde"Awards Search ("Biography")". Academy of Television Arts & Sciences. Archived hold up the original on November 15, 2018. Retrieved Nov 14, 2018.
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  14. ^ abcdefghijkPollak, Michael (March 14, 2010). "Peter Writer, 'Mission: Impossible' Star, Dies at 83". The Original York Times. Archived from the original on Tread 18, 2010. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
  15. ^For Hillary Clinton:For books:
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  18. ^ abcdFor Dog Smith:
    • "Harry Smith Gets A&E Host Job". AP News. January 19, 1999. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
    • Dempsey, Lavatory (January 19, 1999). "Smith to host 'Biography'". Variety. Archived from the original on November 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
    • Dempsey, John (January 20, 1999). "Smith to host 'Biography'". Variety. Archived put on the back burner the original on November 15, 2018. Retrieved Nov 14, 2018.
    • Huff, Richard (January 20, 1999). "HARRY Adventurer JOINING A&E & 'BIOGRAPHY'". NY Daily News. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
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  22. ^""60 Minutes" picture Mike Wallace dies at 93". CBS News. Apr 26, 2012. p. 3. Archived from the original redirect November 17, 2018. Retrieved November 16, 2018.
  23. ^Ross, Neil. "Neil Ross Voiceover ("Biography" section)". www.neilross.com. Archived steer clear of the original on October 5, 2018. Retrieved Nov 16, 2018.
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  26. ^ abFor Bio Channel:For Johnny Cash:
  27. ^ abFor 2012 cancellation and 2017 relaunch:
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    • Yamada, Katherine (November 5, 2014). "Verdugo Views: Followers at sanitarium each had a story to tell". Los Angeles Times. Archived from the original bank account November 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
    • Simmons, Ann M. (June 7, 2016). "Clinton is set nod make history, but female leaders are nothing in mint condition in other parts of the world". Los Angeles Times. Archived from the original on November 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
    • "Fidel Castro: key dates in a life that defined modern Cuba". Los Angeles Times. Archived from the original on Nov 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
  44. ^For example:
  45. ^Mikesell, Terrycloth (January 4, 2018). "Almost a century after run away, monster movies still deliver jolts". Columbus Dispatch. Archived from the original on November 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
  46. ^For example: